Gliomas of the optic nerve, visual pathway, and hypothalamus are treated as a single entity, being considered benign neoplasms in pediatric age, grade I according to the WHO. 25% of them are confined to the optic nerve, 40-75% involve the optic chiasm, and 33-60% are posterior lesions. Most do not present symptoms, but in the case of presenting, the most frequent is loss of vision. The gold standard for diagnosis is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast. The first line of treatment is chemotherapy, with surgery used for nerve decompression, if necessary.

Los adenomas de hipófisis representan el 90% de los tumores de la región selar. El cirugía se realiza mediante la resección transesfenoidal (RTE) o transcraneal (RTC); La RTE puede ser mediante microscopía o endoscopía endonasal. La hemorragia subaracnoidea (HSA) asociada a un tumor de hipófisis es rara y puede ser: Preoperatoria, por apoplejía hipofisiaria con ruptura de aracnoides hacia las cisternas basales, Intraoperatoria, debido a una lesión vascular durante la cirugía o ruptura de un aneurisma no identificado; y Postoperatoria, debido a hemorragia del tumor residual, o sangrado de pequeños vasos adheridos a la cápsula tumoral.

We report the exeresis of a cerebral cavernoma, by using the extracorporeal telescope ("exoscope") operating system integrated into the Kinevo 900 microscope. The objective of this study was to evaluate the surgical potential of this novel high-speed 3D exoscope system. definition (4K-HD) for the removal of a brain cavernoma.

Robotic technology has helped medicine to reduce exposure time and offer greater efficiency and precision in surgical interventions. The goal of using an articulated robotic arm for X-ray (Rx) guided minimally invasive surgery and interventional assistance is to reduce direct and secondary radiation on physicians. The use of a collaborative robotic arm (COBOT) that replaces the operating arm of the surgeon-interventionist physician to avoid exposure to X-rays is described.