Introduction: Pituitary adenomas constitute 25% of the primary benign neoplasms of the brain and can be functional or non-functional, or depending on their size they can be microadenomas, macroadenomas, and giant adenomas. They are mainly treated by surgery using a transcranial or transsphenoidal approach.

Objective: To know the experience in the surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas in the Guillermo Almenara National Hospital from January 2019 to May 2020.

Methods: Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional epidemiological study. 84 cases of patients operated on for pituitary adenoma were found. The data was collected from the medical history and images in the hospital's PACS system. Chi-square was applied as a statistical test. 

Results: Of the total of patients, 50% were operated by transcranial surgery and 50% by transsphenoidal surgery. Hypertension, Cushing's disease, and acromegaly were statistically significant in favor of transsphenoidal resection. 69.05% were macroadenomas in transsphenoidal resection (TSR) and 61.90% in transcranial resection (TCR). In the TSR there were 4.76% of intraoperative complications, and in the TCR it was 19.05%. The total resection grade was greater than 50% in both groups.

Conclusions: Pituitary adenomas are a frequent pathology and can be treated by transcranial or transsphenoidal approach, with good resection rates. Prospective studies are required to determine the causal relationship between the variables.