Peripheral nerve injuries represent a functional deficit of the affected limb that can be reversed if treated properly. The time at which an injury is operated, coupled with the use of the careful microsurgical reconstruction technique, are the most important factors in the final treatment outcome. Open lesions with nerve involvement should be considered surgical in the short term. Closed lesions usually, with the exception of two exceptions described in the text, are scanned from three months to six months after trauma.
It is a frequent occurrence in practice to observe injuries that have lost their ideal repair time, which leads to permanent sequelae. It is important to note that these delays are not seen in the neurosurgical community, but in other specialties that "disbelieve" the usefulness of rapid repairs, or consider that a neurorrhaphy can be performed without adequate instrumentation or magnification. It is to be hoped that in the future every traumatically injured nerve will be rapidly referred to those who are accustomed to the treatment of this type of injury. This will undoubtedly result in better functional outcomes in patients suffering from these lesions.