Introduction: Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is a common hereditary kidney disease that can be accompanied by the appearance of intracranial lesions. Among these lesions, cerebral aneurysms are often found in patients with PKD, which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. These aneurysms can have clinical and surgical implications, making them a serious concern for patients with PKD.

Clinical case: A 52-year-old man who had polycystic kidney disease in the terminal phase, untreated arterial hypertension, polycystic liver disease, and other complications related to kidney disease, was found to have two aneurysms in the anterior cerebral circulation, arachnoid cysts, and spontaneous intracranial hemorrhages. The purpose of the clinical case study and review was to understand the symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, and management of intracranial lesions.

Conclusion: In patients with PKD, intracranial lesions like cerebral aneurysms should be suspected if there are risk factors, as they can be life-threatening if undiagnosed.