Myelomeningocele is the most frequent and complex congenital malformation that is compatible with life. Our institution as a reference center at the national level for pediatric neurosurgical pathology receives with relative frequency transfers of infants with open spina bifida. According to the Office of Institutional Statistics and Informatics in Peru, during 2006, congenital malformations were the main cause of hospitalization in the neurosurgery service, with myelomeningocele being the second cause after congenital hydrocephalus.